·     No glyphs given in K&H, K&L, 25EMC.

·     Readings:

o Guenter-TKJP.p27 (2007): YOON? (with a question mark).

o Villalobos-EGM-KJP.p89 (2017): “?”.

o TOK.p30.r4.c2 (2012): YOK’IN?.

o TOK.p30.r4.c2 (2017): YOON?.

o BMM9.p18.pdfp18.r4.c1 (2019): YOK’IN?.

·     Mammal head with infixed K’IN.

·     Variants (2) – features:

o A. Head of leaf-nosed bat: TOK.p30.r4.c2; PAL PT P13, PAL TI ET Q1.

o B. Head of rodent (i.e. not a leaf-nosed bat): PAL TI ET R1 & S6 & T6; PAL TI CT A10 & B10 & H10 & I1.

·     MHD assigns them two distinct blcodes: MHD.AW4 (bat head) and MHD.AP5 (dog head).

o A search in MHD on “blcodes contains AW4” produces 24 hits:

§ The infixed K’IN is very often over the eye, but not always.

§ Sometimes it’s in the bottom right (as in the Catalog example MHD.AW4.1). In that case, the (optional) darkness property marker (AK’AB) normally in the bottom right has been displaced to the top of the head.

o A search in MHD on “blcodes contains AP5” produces 65 hits:

§  The infixed K’IN is very often over the eye, but not always: sometimes it’s in the bottom right.

§ It is MHD which identifies the mammal head as a dog (which seems very plausible to me).

·     Further considerations based on MHD stats:

o The dog head is much more common than the bat head (65 vs. 24 respectively).

o A large number of the hits have either an initial yo or a final ni, or both (though some have neither).

o We don’t even know if the K’IN is an independent component (i.e. to be read out as k’in) or an integral part of the glyph (making the logogram what it is, and not read out as k’in).

o The initial yo or a final ni occur with either the rodent head or the bat head, suggesting that they are both pronounced in the same way.

o I’m inclined to treat them as variants of the same glyph because in the PAL TI inscriptions balun chan <x> waklajuun <x’> is a fixed, recurring pattern, but it's not the case that <x> (which goes with balun chan) is always a bat head and <x'> (which goes with waklajuun (no chan)) is always the rodent head. Instead you get it the other way around also. That implies that they are the same word, and that the choice of bat head or rodent head is arbitrary.

·     Both the reading and the meaning of this logogram is not very certain. The only examples I know are from PAL, and none of the papers I have read on it have ventured to say what yoon might mean. Villalobos-EGM-KJP.p85.fn197: Some years ago, Nikolai Grube proposed that this logographic sign could be read ON or YON. Due to the fact that it usually carries a yo affix —which can mark an initial logogram complement or perhaps the presence of a prevocalic ergative pronoun y-—, and a ni phonogram as a final phonetic complement, some epigraphers point out that their reading is yook'in. However, this proposal is not entirely satisfactory, although we know that [its] presence is related to expressions of kinship, dynastic sequences and forecasts present in the almanacs of the codices. See Nikolai Grube, “The Auguries”, in Notebook for the XXIst Maya Hieroglyphic Forum at Texas, Austin, The University of Texas at Austin, 1997, p. 79-88; Erik Velasquez Garcia, Los vasos de la entidad política de ’Ik’..., p. 662-667. [Sim:

o Other epigraphers have perhaps introduced a -k’- into the reading because of the K’IN as an element.

o It’s unclear to me whether Villalobos considers the reading ON/YON or yook'in (or both) to be not entirely satisfactory – probably the former.]

·     MHD glosses its yo-??-ni entries with the semantic marker “title”.

·     EB.p211.pdfp216.#5: yok’in cn. Yok’in (title). [Sim: there are examples like K558 O (?-ni), K2206 K (yo-?-ni), K2352 M (yo-?-ni), which EB might have based its reading on. MHD does not commit to any reading at all for MHD.AW4.]

·     EB.p211.pdfp216.fn296: These two variants employ different signs for ’OK, namely a dog head (ok “dog”) and a bat head (the origin of which still eludes me). The item yok k’in, if correctly deduced, perhaps is derived from *y-ok-k’in “the (y-) base/foot (-ok) of the sun (k’in).” The spelling yo-K’IN-ni > yo[k] k’in can be explained through a process of elision. [Dorota: there is an instance with the dog-head variant (K2206) and an instance with the bat-head variant (K558) where they either both refer to the same person, or if not the same person, then at least to the same title. This is because the title in both instances is connected with nohol. This in turn means that both the dog-head and the bat-head are the same glyph.]