·     A local PAL deity which the three PAL deities God-GI, God-GII, and God-GIII had to pay homage to.

·     Stuart-TPM.p93.para2.l+3: This god was not a member of the Triad, and he appears in only one other tablet [besides PAL TFC F16/M16] – the Palenque panel now at Dumbarton Oaks in Washington D.C. The Dumbarton Oaks Tablet obviously was taken from some unknown structure at or very near Palenque.

·     Stuart-TPM is correct in as much as PAL TFC and DO Unprovenanced Panel 2 are the only two known monuments with an explicit reference to Uhx Bolon Chaak. However, there is one additional indirect reference to him in PAL TS E7-E16/N7-N16. In that passage, K’inich Kan Bahlam II is described as ascending to the temple dedicated to Uhx Bolon Chaak on 3-Kaban 15-Mol, though only the name of the temple (and not the name of the god it’s dedicated to) is mentioned. However, this is exactly the same date, location, and protagonist (K’inich Kan Bahlam II) as the event described in PAL TFC E5-E17/L5-L17 where Uhx Bolon Chaak is explicitly referred to. The latter is the PAL TFC example given here.

·     The following sources discuss  Uhx Bolon Chaak, his temple/shrine – named K’inich K’uk’ Naah – and the relationship of the Palenque Triad to Uhx Bolon Chaak:

o Stuart-MaM.p3-5: Although the first segment has sometimes been translated as “descending,” I believe it more accurate to analyze it as y-ehmal, a relational noun that means “under, beneath” (cf. Proto-Ch’olan ehm-äl, “under” [Kaufman and Norman 1984]; Ch’orti’ ejmar, “abajo” [Hull 2016]; Ch’orti’ uyehmar e kohn, “the down[stream] current of a stream” [Wisdom 1950]). Y-ehmal is probably not part of the toponym but rather a preposition that comes before the name K’uk’ Lakam Witz, perhaps the “Quetzal Banner Hill.” As I and others have suggested, this almost surely refers to the prominent hill known as Mirador, which rises behind the Temple of the Foliated Cross and dominates the landscape of central Palenque (Stuart and Houston 1994:84; Houston 1996; Stuart 2006).

o Tokovinine-DaPiCMT.p253.pdfp3.para1: The narratives from the temples of the Cross group at Palenque and an unprovenanced panel in the collection of the Dumbarton Oaks Research Library provide the best illustration of the significance of the term (Stuart 2006; Houston and Taube 2012; Tokovinine 2013, 29–30). The royal protagonists “ascend” (t’abaay) or “step” (tek’) to a ch’een of the local patron god, Hux Bolon Chahk.

o Tokovinine-PaIiCMN.p29.pdfp38.para2:

o Tokovinine-TPoP.p90-91,145.pdfp101-102,156:

o AT-E1168-lecture17.t0:20:45-26:06:

o AT-YT2021-lecture15.t0:18:23-24:44: detailed description of the three monuments with inscriptions relating to rituals performed in the shrine of  Uhx Bolon Chaak (PAL TFC, PAL TS, and DO Unprovenanced Panel 2).

o AT-YT2021-lecture20.t1:06:13-1:08:03 (with reference to PAL TS): whether the shrine devoted to Uhx Bolon Chaak is above or below the mountain (depending on whether yehmal is treated as a relational noun or as a part of the name of the mountain, with an implicit “at” before it).

·     Do not confuse Uhx Bolon Chaak with Bolon Okte’ K’uh, a deity known over a wider area of the Classic Maya cultural region.