·    Epigraphers differ on both the reading and the meaning of this glyph – there might even be two different glyphs/logograms involved:

o Thompson – recognized two different glyphs based on a spiral (anticlockwise going inwards):

§ T576:

·      The spiral itself is bold.

·      The area internal to the glyph which are not the spiral itself has cross-hatching/darkening.

§ T677:

·      The spiral itself is a thick black line.

·      The area internal to the glyph which are not the spiral itself has no cross-hatching/darkening.

o MHD (2025-07-02):

§ MHD assigns the 3-character code ZRJ and shows three examples. Some examples have internal darkening while others do not.

§ MHD gave ZRJ the reading WOL (earlier version) but that has since been removed and the glyph is now no longer given a reading.

§ MHD gives ZRJ a tentative meaning of “rubber ball?”, the tentative nature indicated by the question mark.

§ MHD explicitly matches ZRJ to T576, but leaves the equivalence to T577 open.

·      On the one hand, it’s not explicitly matched in the MHD Concordance.

·      But on the other hand, ZRJ.3 is a thick black spiral, with no internal darkening.

o Bonn (2025-07-02):

§ Bonn keeps T576 and T577 separate, as 0576st and 0577st.

§ Bonn gives no reading to 0576st and a reading of POM to 0577st.

§ Bonn currently has no published meanings assigned to logograms.

·    Prager-TS576 is the paper where the reading KUK is first proposed:

o Because some occurrences of na after T576 were viewed as an end phonetic complement, an earlier proposed reading was BALAN.

o Prager-TS576 lays emphasis on the occurrences of ki after T576 (which – viewed as an end phonetic complement – support the KUK reading) and proposes that the na is not an end phonetic complement but an inchoative suffix è kukaan.

o There is some uncertainty whether the TAL- and CH’AJAN-like elements below T576 are part of the logogram, or whether they’re additional glyphs, to be read separately.

o Whether or not they’re read separately, Prager-TS576 proposes KUK as a reading for T576.

·    Sim: As pointed out in Prager-TS576.p3.pdfp3.para2-3&fig3, it’s known that logograms with the same initial and final consonant (e.g., K’AHK’, K’UK’, and TZUTZ) are sometimes written with a (superfluous) doubler at the top left of the logogram. PAL Temple 19 Platform Y1 and PAL Temple 19 Stone Panel are two examples of such a doubler, written at the top left of 0576st.

·    Although Bonn currently doesn’t have meanings associated with their codes, Prager-TS576.fig1 assigns the meaning “ball” to 0576st. Prager-TS576.fig1 assigns the reading POM and the meaning “incense” to 0577st, further underlining the distinction between T576 and T577.