·    No glyphs given in K&H.

·    Some uncertainty about whether it is read as JAN or JANAAB (Dorota Bojkowska doesn’t know why the JAN alternative is given, in her experience, in context, it’s always JANAAB).

·    Variants (2, maybe 3):

o A. Stylized/boulder – features:

§ The outline is a circle (e.g. TOK.p11.r5.c2) but this is often replaced by a circle of touching dots (e.g. K&L.p21.#5, BMM9.p12.r1.c3) or sometimes a circle of non-touching dots between two concentric circles (e.g. JM.p106.#3, SJ.p149.c1.r9.1).

§ A washer in the centre.

§ 4 cross-hatched bars at the NE, NW, SE, SW corners of the washer, pointing outwards:

·      Typically not reaching all the way to the edge.

·      Occasionally reaching all the way to the edge.

o B. Bird head – features:

§ The eye of the bird is the stylized variant (note: PAL TI WT M2-N2 has a bird head without the “JANAAB”-eye).

§ Prominent o “feather” on either side of head.

§ Medium-sized, solid, non-elongated beak, with a tiny hook at the end.

o C. “Face” (only tentatively JAN) – features:

§ A boulder outline consisting of a square with rounded corners, with a “face” inside.

§ The “face” consists of three (non-touching) upward pointing crescents – “two eyes and a mouth”, with (optionally) two tiny non-touching dots for a “nose”.

§ Curved radial “spokes”:

·      When many, then not reaching all the way to the centre, and curving anticlockwise.

·      When few (exactly three), then reaching all the way to the centre, and curving clockwise.

§ Medium-sized, solid, non-elongated beak, with a tiny hook at the end.

Note that the reading of this glyph is only tentative, given as JAN? in MHD; Bonn doesn’t assign a reading to this glyph. It occurs on QRG Stela A and on both legs of PNG Stela 3 Throne, where it appears as a toponym Ihk’ Kab Jan? Nal.

·    The stylized/boulder variant of JANAAB is in some senses a “mirror image” of NIK:

o In JANAAB, the four bars go from the centre not quite to the outside. They tend to be at the ordinal (a.k.a. intercardinal) points of the compass (NE, SE, NW, SW) though less pronouncedly so than for the cardinal points of NIK.

o In NIK, the four bars go from the outside not quite to the centre. They tend to be at the cardinal points of the compass (N, S, E, W).

·    Earlier, there was disagreement about whether it was a type of bird or a type of flower (partly because of the bird-head variant):

o MC.p163.r6.c4: JANAHB, a flower.

o SJ.p149.c1.r9: JANAAB, type of bird.

o KuppratApp: type of flower? type of bird?

but the consensus now is that it is a type of flower. There is however Helmke&Vepretskii-RtRNoRIIIaVoC.p1.pdfp1.c2.para1.l-10 (2022): Nowadays, we can appreciate the more complete regnal name that he adopted upon his accession to the throne, namely K’inich Janaab Pakal I (‘radiant is the raptorial bird shield’), replete with the anachronistic ordinal Roman numeral of European scholarship (known as a regnal number), which marks him as the first in the dynasty of Palenque to bear this regnal name.