·     No glyphs given in K&H.

·     Although TOK consistently writes long, aspirated, and glottalized vowels, it gives the pronunciation of this logogram as CHUWEN (short e).

·     Variants (3):

o A. Abstract (“the eye of the monkey”) – features:

§ “Elbow-shaped” element (could be the eyebrow).

§ The “elbow” embraces se (which represents the eye itself).

o B. Reduced abstract – features:

§ The “elbow-shaped” element of the abstract variant is omitted.

§ This leaves just the se, which represents the eye itself.

o C. Representational – features:

§ Mammal head – in this case a monkey.

§ “Elaborate” ear – long, three sections, along (almost) the full length of the right of the head.

§ “Darkness” infixed into ear.

·     Very superficially, K’ABA’ can be mistaken for the abstract variant of CHUWEEN because they both have the “reflected-and-rotated-L” shape. However:

o K’ABA’ has crossed bands at the midpoint of the “L”, whereas CHUWEEN has “struts”.

o The ends of the “L” of K’ABA’ don’t “curl around” (and have a series of ticks), whereas the ends of the “L” of CHUWEEN “curl around” slightly (and have no ticks).

o The “L” of K’ABA’ embraces a K’UH or ch’ok, whereas the “L” of CHUWEEN embraces a se.

·     Chuween is a “magical” monkey, as opposed to maax and baatz’, which are real ones. AT-E1168-lecture9.t0:05:23-05:50: In the same way, there is a word for monkey: maax, and it’s a spider monkey (“mico de noche”). There is a word baatz’, and it’s a howler monkey. But there is also a chuween monkey, which is a magical monkey, a special monkey – a kind of scribe who helps in the creation of humanity. And he is the patron of the day “Chuween”. [Sim: note that officially, “mico de noche” is Potus flavus, the kinkajou, though I suppose it could mean “spider monkey” in the regional forms of Spanish in the Maya-speaking areas of Mexico. In any case, chuween never means “kinkajou”, which is uy in Classic Maya.]

·     It may occur in the context of the name of the carver of LTI Kimbell Panel and LTI Panel 4 – yuxul mayuy ti’ chuween = “the carving of Mayuy Ti’ Chuween” (“Mist Mouth Monkey”).

o See also ZenderEtAl-SSw (2016) where Mayuy Ti’ Chuween is mentioned several times.

o However, there is some doubt that the last part of the carver’s name is actually Chuween:

§ HoustonEtAl-AUiaML-II.p6 (2017): However, the mammalian head at the end of Mayuy’s name [LTI Kimbell Panel J3 and LTI Panel 4 M1] eludes decipherment. Marked with signs for “dark/night,” ak’ab, it may be a nocturnal animal with long ear (Stone and Zender 2011:144–145), but there are insufficient clues to clinch the identification. At an impasse, we simply call him “Mayuy,” drawing on the first elements of his name.

§ Houston-NGA2023-lecture2.t0:11:03-17:21 (2023) – where more than 5 minutes of the lecture are devoted solely to Mayuy and his four major monuments – also avoids any reading for this glyph, and also refers to the carver only as “Mayuy”.

§ MHD assigns the code AM5b, which is mapped to T755 in the MHD Concordance but registers some doubt in the reading by adding a question mark: CHUWEN?.

§ Indeed, both the Stuart and Safronov drawings do not allow an unambiguous reading of CHUWEEN (Safronov’s drawing even less than Stuart’s).

·     Houston-CC.p393.c1.l-9: … cheheen “God D” ti-4-te’ Chuween, “so says God D to the 4 monkeys”, a set of beings tied to scribal craft.

·     In Naranjo, a common title is Sak Chuween and it has a meaning related to “monkey”, see:

o Tokovinine&Fialko-St45oN: 10 occurrences of chuween.

o Tokovinine-SKC: 10 occurrences of chuween.

o Skidmore-ULoENR: 3 occurrences of chuween.